Science Chile  CHILE 04/06/2018

ALMA and VLT Find Too Many Massive Stars in Starburst Galaxies, Near and Far

These findings challenge current ideas about how galaxies evolved, changing our understanding of cosmic star-formation history and the build-up of chemical elements

Astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the Very Large Telescope (VLT) have discovered that both, starburst galaxies in the early Universe, and a star-forming region in a nearby galaxy, contain a much higher proportion of massive stars than is found in more peaceful galaxies. These findings challenge current ideas about how galaxies evolved, changing our understanding of cosmic star-formation history and the build-up of chemical elements.

  
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Technology Spain  MADRID 31/05/2018

A new device for detecting gas leaks has been developed

A spin-off company which Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) has a share in, has developed a system that detects fugitive gas emissions which are harmful and pollutant to the environment

Sensia, a spin-off company which Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) has a share in, has developed a system that detects fugitive gas emissions which are harmful and pollutant to the environment. This technology minimises the chances of gas leaks occurring in industry and can also be used in the home environment.

  
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Science Spain  ALICANTE 31/05/2018

Buildings from the sixties and seventies on the Alicante coast do not resist the shock of an earthquake

Results show that they should consider a comprehensive technical inspection of buildings to analyse the degree of deterioration and perform the necessary intervention and reinforcement to ensure structural safety

The University of Alicante Research Group in Structure Essay, Simulation and Modelling (GRESMES), led by Professor Salvador Ivorra Chorro, has recently published in the journal Engineering Failure Analysis the study Seismic behavior of 1960's RC buildings exposed to marine environment in which they analyse in depth some buildings located on the coast of Alicante, built in the sixties and seventies, concluding that these properties will not resist the effect of an earthquake.

  
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Technology Spain  MADRID 31/05/2018

Flexible and dynamic transport solution for future 5G communications developed

Results of the 5G-Crosshaul Project

A consortium of twenty industry-leading companies and organizations has announced the successful completion of the European research project 5G-Crosshaul, coordinated by Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M). The three-year effort has delivered what is now the de-facto concept for an integrated 5G transport network, a crucial step towards the real-world implementation of the future 5G communications system.

  
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Health Venezuela  VENEZUELA 30/05/2018

Limiting global warming could avoid millions of dengue fever cases

A global warming trajectory of 3.7°C could lead to an increase of up to 7.5 million additional cases per year by the middle of this century

A new report published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) reveals that limiting warming to the goal of the UN Paris Agreement would also stop dengue spreading to areas where incidence is currently low..

  
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Science Brazil  BRASIL 28/05/2018

Discovery of the first body in the Solar System with an extrasolar origin

Asteroid 2015 BZ509 is the very first object in the Solar System shown to have an extrasolar origin. This remarkable discovery was made by CNRS researcher Fathi Namouni and her Brazilian colleague Helena Morais

Could some bodies in our Solar System come from the vicinity of other stars? Astronomers are in disagreement about comets, with some arguing that certain comets may have formed around other stars before being captured by the Sun, although they have never been able to prove it. As for the famous case of Oumuamua, an asteroid that brushed past the Earth in 2017, there is no doubt that it came from another solar system. However, it was just a visitor, briefly passing through before travelling on to other worlds.

  
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Technology Spain  MADRID 25/05/2018

New platform for analysing global trade in the last two centuries

Spanish researchers have created an interactive geo-referenced database which is able to analyse global trade in the last two centuries

Researchers for the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), in collaboration with the University of Pisa (Italy), have created an interactive geo-referenced database which is able to analyse global trade in the last two centuries. Thanks to this new platform it is possible to more accurately assign a date to the first economic globalisation, which occurred much earlier than previously thought: in the 1830s.

  
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Science Perú  PERú 25/05/2018

Archaeologists dicover a 1,000-years-old-mummy in Peru

A team from the Université libre de Bruxelles's centre for archaeological research (CReA-Patrimoine) has completed a significant excavation in Pachacamac, Peru

Peter Eeckhout and his team's latest campaign of archaeological excavations has concluded with an exciting surprise: after nine weeks spent exploring the Pre-Colombian site of Pachacamac, in Peru, the researchers from CReA-Patrimoine (ULB Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences) have unearthed a mummy in especially good condition. ‘The deceased is still wrapped in the enormous funeral bundle that served as a coffin,’ points out professor Peter Eeckhout. ‘Discoveries like this one are exceptionally scarce, and this mummy is incredibly well preserved. Samples were collected for carbon-14 dating, but the area in which it was discovered and the type of tomb suggest this individual was buried between 1000 and 1200 AD.

  
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Nutrition Panama  PANAMÁ 22/05/2018

Seeking seabird sanctuary

Seabird studies on uninhabited tropical island may lead to island’s protection

 

Isla Boná in the Gulf of Panama is an understudied breeding ground for thousands of tropical seabirds. Marine biologist Héctor Guzmán’s newest research program will contribute to understanding their ecology and the conservation of the island for birds and birders alike.

  
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Science Chile  CHILE 16/05/2018

ALMA finds most-distant oxygen in the Universe

The detection of oxygen in MACS1149-JD1 indicates that an earlier generation of stars had been already formed and expelled processed oxygen by the epoch of observation, which is only about 500 million years after the beginning of the Universe

Astronomers detected a faint but definite signal of oxygen in a galaxy located 13.28 billion light-years away from us, through observations using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). Breaking their records, this marks the most distant oxygen ever detected in the Universe. Referencing infrared observations, the team determined that star formation in the galaxy started at an unexpectedly early stage: 250 million years after the Big Bang.

  
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Health Uruguay  URUGUAY 15/05/2018

Dengue 'hot spots' provide map to chikungunya and Zika outbreaks

Scientists develop a statistical framework in the form of a map to guide proactive interventions for these viral diseases

Identifying dengue fever “hot spots” can provide a predictive map for outbreaks of chikungunya and Zika — two other viral diseases that, along with dengue, are spread by the Aedes aegypti mosquito.

  
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Health Portugal  PORTUGAL 10/05/2018

We look inside the cells and understand how they become cancerous

A study in Barrett's esophagus condition unveiled the role of centrosomes, tiny structures that are smaller than a hair divided hundreds of times, in the development of esophageal cancer. Understanding the centrosomes we can know how this cancer begins

A study in Barrett's esophagus condition unveiled the role of centrosomes, tiny structures that are smaller than a hair divided hundreds of times, in the development of esophageal cancer. Understanding the centrosomes we can know how this cancer begins. Cells begin to accumulate centrosomes-organelles that play a vital role during cell division-before they transform into cancer cells. Understanding the contribution of centrosomes to this process may lead in better treatments.

  
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Nutrition Panama  PANAMÁ 07/05/2018

Whale shark logs longest-recorded trans-Pacific migration

Genetic studies show that whale sharks across the globe are closely related, indicating that they must travel long distances to mate

Little is known about the world's largest living fish, gentle giants reaching 12 meters (40 feet) in length. Researchers from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) and colleagues tracked a female whale shark from the eastern Pacific to the western Indo-Pacific for 20,142 kilometers (more than 12,000 miles), the longest whale shark migration route ever recorded.

  
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Nutrition Portugal  PORTUGAL 04/05/2018

A new model for communication in plant cells

UMD-led study details how plant cells use glutamate receptor-like proteins to build single-cell communication networks

Plant cells share a strange and surprising kinship with animal neurons: many plant cells have proteins that closely resemble glutamate receptors, which help to relay nerve signals from one neuron to another. While plants lack a true nervous system, previous studies have shown that plants need these glutamate receptor-like proteins (GLRs) to do important things such as mate, grow, and defend themselves against diseases and pests.

  
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Technology Spain  SALAMANCA 02/05/2018

An intelligent system monitors the amount of feed that contains a silo

Through a project of the BISITE group of the University of Salamanca developed with intelligent sensors

Researchers from the University of Salamanca have developed an intelligent system to monitor the amount of feed that a farm silo contains. Hitting the container from outside is, until now, the only resource that exists to estimate if it is necessary to fill it. However, this project incorporates a sensor with laser technology and a management platform that automatically alerts when empty.

  
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Science Chile  ATACAMA 30/04/2018

Ancient galaxy megamergers

These forming galaxy clusters were first spotted as faint smudges of light, using the South Pole Telescope and the Herschel Space Observatory

The ALMA and APEX telescopes have peered deep into space — back to the time when the Universe was one tenth of its current age — and witnessed the beginnings of gargantuan cosmic pileups: the impending collisions of young, starburst galaxies. Astronomers thought that these events occurred around three billion years after the Big Bang, so they were surprised when the new observations revealed them happening when the Universe was only half that age! These ancient systems of galaxies are thought to be building the most massive structures in the known Universe: galaxy clusters.

  
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Science Spain  ALMERÍA 27/04/2018

Recovering of comet Catalina with the Schmidt telescope

In the framework of the Space Situational Awareness program, funded by the European Space Agency (ESA), astronomers observing remotely with the Calar Alto Schmidt telescope managed to recover comet P/2011 CR42 Catalina.

Solar System objects like asteroids and comets appear like moving targets in the stellar fields observed with telescopes. Observations spread over various nights allow us to compute accurately their orbits. Comets, in particular, can present elongated (elliptic), periodic orbits, like the famous comet Halley, passing close to the Earth every 76 years or so, and visible to the naked eye (the last time in 1986, but it was probably observed since prehistoric times).

  
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Technology Spain  MADRID 25/04/2018

When the weather is good, we are happier on social networks

According to an international study in which UC3M took part

When the weather is nice, posts on social networks are more cheerful, according to an international scientific study in which the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) took part. The study also shows that Facebook and Twitter are full of negative sentiments when it is very cold or very hot or it is raining a lot.

  
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Science Argentina  ARGENTINA 24/04/2018

Technology against drought crosses borders

It is about the HB4 soy and wheat seeds, which were developed by senior CONICET researcher Raquel Chan’s team

Tons of foods are lost due to the droughts, which are the main threat against crops and the situation worsens considering that for 2050 the estimate population will be 9 thousand millions. In 2012, a research team led by Raquel Chan achieved international impact after carrying out the first transgenic technology fully developed in Argentina: HB4. For more than 15 years, her research team has studied how plants adapt to the environment without knowing that their study would cross borders.

  
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Technology Spain  MADRID 19/04/2018

A research study analyzes the influence of algorithms on online publicity and advertising

A science project from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) and IMDEA Networks Institute

When we look for information on the internet, buy online or use social networks we often see ads relating to our likes or profile. To what extent are these ads chosen by the web’s algorithms? A group of researchers are trying to answer this question under the name of «MyBubble», a science project from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) and IMDEA Networks Institute.

  
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