Science Chile  CHILE 16/05/2018

ALMA finds most-distant oxygen in the Universe

The detection of oxygen in MACS1149-JD1 indicates that an earlier generation of stars had been already formed and expelled processed oxygen by the epoch of observation, which is only about 500 million years after the beginning of the Universe

Astronomers detected a faint but definite signal of oxygen in a galaxy located 13.28 billion light-years away from us, through observations using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). Breaking their records, this marks the most distant oxygen ever detected in the Universe. Referencing infrared observations, the team determined that star formation in the galaxy started at an unexpectedly early stage: 250 million years after the Big Bang.

  
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Health Uruguay  URUGUAY 15/05/2018

Dengue 'hot spots' provide map to chikungunya and Zika outbreaks

Scientists develop a statistical framework in the form of a map to guide proactive interventions for these viral diseases

Identifying dengue fever “hot spots” can provide a predictive map for outbreaks of chikungunya and Zika — two other viral diseases that, along with dengue, are spread by the Aedes aegypti mosquito.

  
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Health Portugal  PORTUGAL 10/05/2018

We look inside the cells and understand how they become cancerous

A study in Barrett's esophagus condition unveiled the role of centrosomes, tiny structures that are smaller than a hair divided hundreds of times, in the development of esophageal cancer. Understanding the centrosomes we can know how this cancer begins

A study in Barrett's esophagus condition unveiled the role of centrosomes, tiny structures that are smaller than a hair divided hundreds of times, in the development of esophageal cancer. Understanding the centrosomes we can know how this cancer begins. Cells begin to accumulate centrosomes-organelles that play a vital role during cell division-before they transform into cancer cells. Understanding the contribution of centrosomes to this process may lead in better treatments.

  
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Nutrition Panama  PANAMÁ 07/05/2018

Whale shark logs longest-recorded trans-Pacific migration

Genetic studies show that whale sharks across the globe are closely related, indicating that they must travel long distances to mate

Little is known about the world's largest living fish, gentle giants reaching 12 meters (40 feet) in length. Researchers from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) and colleagues tracked a female whale shark from the eastern Pacific to the western Indo-Pacific for 20,142 kilometers (more than 12,000 miles), the longest whale shark migration route ever recorded.

  
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Nutrition Portugal  PORTUGAL 04/05/2018

A new model for communication in plant cells

UMD-led study details how plant cells use glutamate receptor-like proteins to build single-cell communication networks

Plant cells share a strange and surprising kinship with animal neurons: many plant cells have proteins that closely resemble glutamate receptors, which help to relay nerve signals from one neuron to another. While plants lack a true nervous system, previous studies have shown that plants need these glutamate receptor-like proteins (GLRs) to do important things such as mate, grow, and defend themselves against diseases and pests.

  
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Technology Spain  SALAMANCA 02/05/2018

An intelligent system monitors the amount of feed that contains a silo

Through a project of the BISITE group of the University of Salamanca developed with intelligent sensors

Researchers from the University of Salamanca have developed an intelligent system to monitor the amount of feed that a farm silo contains. Hitting the container from outside is, until now, the only resource that exists to estimate if it is necessary to fill it. However, this project incorporates a sensor with laser technology and a management platform that automatically alerts when empty.

  
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Science Chile  ATACAMA 30/04/2018

Ancient galaxy megamergers

These forming galaxy clusters were first spotted as faint smudges of light, using the South Pole Telescope and the Herschel Space Observatory

The ALMA and APEX telescopes have peered deep into space — back to the time when the Universe was one tenth of its current age — and witnessed the beginnings of gargantuan cosmic pileups: the impending collisions of young, starburst galaxies. Astronomers thought that these events occurred around three billion years after the Big Bang, so they were surprised when the new observations revealed them happening when the Universe was only half that age! These ancient systems of galaxies are thought to be building the most massive structures in the known Universe: galaxy clusters.

  
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Science Spain  ALMERÍA 27/04/2018

Recovering of comet Catalina with the Schmidt telescope

In the framework of the Space Situational Awareness program, funded by the European Space Agency (ESA), astronomers observing remotely with the Calar Alto Schmidt telescope managed to recover comet P/2011 CR42 Catalina.

Solar System objects like asteroids and comets appear like moving targets in the stellar fields observed with telescopes. Observations spread over various nights allow us to compute accurately their orbits. Comets, in particular, can present elongated (elliptic), periodic orbits, like the famous comet Halley, passing close to the Earth every 76 years or so, and visible to the naked eye (the last time in 1986, but it was probably observed since prehistoric times).

  
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Technology Spain  MADRID 25/04/2018

When the weather is good, we are happier on social networks

According to an international study in which UC3M took part

When the weather is nice, posts on social networks are more cheerful, according to an international scientific study in which the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) took part. The study also shows that Facebook and Twitter are full of negative sentiments when it is very cold or very hot or it is raining a lot.

  
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Science Argentina  ARGENTINA 24/04/2018

Technology against drought crosses borders

It is about the HB4 soy and wheat seeds, which were developed by senior CONICET researcher Raquel Chan’s team

Tons of foods are lost due to the droughts, which are the main threat against crops and the situation worsens considering that for 2050 the estimate population will be 9 thousand millions. In 2012, a research team led by Raquel Chan achieved international impact after carrying out the first transgenic technology fully developed in Argentina: HB4. For more than 15 years, her research team has studied how plants adapt to the environment without knowing that their study would cross borders.

  
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Technology Spain  MADRID 19/04/2018

A research study analyzes the influence of algorithms on online publicity and advertising

A science project from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) and IMDEA Networks Institute

When we look for information on the internet, buy online or use social networks we often see ads relating to our likes or profile. To what extent are these ads chosen by the web’s algorithms? A group of researchers are trying to answer this question under the name of «MyBubble», a science project from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) and IMDEA Networks Institute.

  
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Technology Spain  ZAMORA 17/04/2018

A project designs extinguishers with new materials that improve their current properties

Researchers from the Polytechnic School of Zamora from the University of Salamanca have developed a lighter product

A project of the Higher Polytechnic School of Zamora is trying to launch into the market a new generation of extinguishers, manufactured with a material that makes them less heavy and in general improves their properties, for example, against corrosion. The researchers believe that it has great commercial possibilities.

  
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Science Argentina  ARGENTINA 17/04/2018

The first Argentine Platform of Cognitive Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences was launched

The PENCO assembles more than fifty professionals who work on this interdisciplinary area

The initiative, which aims at boosting the collaboration between researchers of the interdisciplinary area linked to the cognition brain basis, was presented at the event attended by the president of the National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Alejandro Ceccatto; the researcher and general coordinator of the Argentine Platform for Cognitive Neurosciences and Behavior Sciences (PENCO), Agustín Ibáñez; and more than fifty members of the Platform.

  
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Science Panama  PANAMÁ 16/04/2018

Tracking aedes mosquito invasions in Panama

Mosquitoes in the genus Aedes, which can carry dangerous viruses causing yellow fever, chikungunya and Zika, invaded the crossroads of the Americas multiple times, by land and by sea

STRI/DICYT Mosquitoes in the genus Aedes, which can carry dangerous viruses causing yellow fever, chikungunya and Zika, invaded the crossroads of the Americas multiple times, by land and by sea.

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Technology Spain  MADRID 09/04/2018

A UC3M study analyzes the keys to fragmentation of metallic materials

Would lead to improvements in the design of new protective structures

Researchers from Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Texas A&M (USA) and the Israeli Institute of Technology have developed new theories for the fragmentation of metallic porous materials that can be applied to structural design in the aerospace, civil security and transportation sectors.

  
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Technology Spain  SALAMANCA 09/04/2018

An online sales system that can be managed by people with mental illness

The GRIAL group of the University of Salamanca creates a platform for the INTRAS Foundation that improves the usability of current systems

The Research Group on Interaction and E-Learning of the University of Salamanca has developed an online sales platform adapted to be managed by people suffering from mental illnesses. This virtual store called Dueroland will allow the workers of the employment center that INTRAS Foundation has in Coreses (Zamora) to sale products and offer services.

  
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Technology Spain  MADRID 06/04/2018

New Pan-European electronic invoicing in the healthcare sector

Govein project

A European group of scientists, technologists and providers of e-invoicing services, in which Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) researchers participate, have developed a new electronic invoicing system among different European countries for the public and private healthcare sector that automates, enhances and expedites the relation with public and private suppliers from different European countries.

  
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Nutrition Brazil  SãO PAULO 05/04/2018

Sugarcane expansion over pastures increases Brazilian ethanol carbon footprint

The conversion of unproductive pastures in sugarcane plantation may prevent deforestation, but ultimately increases GHG emissions, a study shows – the process of adapting a degraded soil for crops relies on nitrogen fertilizers and high-yield grass.

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Technology Spain  ZAMORA 02/04/2018

New prostheses for animals through 3D printing

A project from the Higher Polytechnic School of Zamora of the University of Salamanca opens a new market for the veterinary world

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Technology Brazil  SãO PAULO 22/03/2018

Ultra-strong material is produced from a nineteenth-century idea

Researchers in Brazil and US used 3D printing to produce structures with high mechanical strength based on mathematical models created by Karl Schwarz in 1880

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